Nowadays, there is a growing popularity of Video-on-Demand (VoD), VoIP and increased IPTV deployment. Providers aim to offering fiber-to-the-home (FTTH), (fiber-to-the-building) FTTB and fiber-to-the-curb (FTTC) solutions through advancing…

With the rapid development of telecommunications, the demand for cable capacity is stronger more than ever. WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) will be the preferred method to meet the needs. WDM systems are divided into different wavel…